Risk Management in an AI World

Tom Burton


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Why do we trust computers?


AI is a constant feature in the news these days, but a couple of news items in recent weeks might have struck you as worthy of more thought. First was the announcement by Meta and OpenAI that they will shortly be releasing models that ‘think’ more like people and are able to consider the consequences of their decisions. And the second was an article in the FT that the speed of AI development is outstripping the development of methods to assess risk.


These two developments and the conflicts they raise are related to a quixotical feature of human nature: why do we trust computers more than humans?


If there is a reliable basis of trust in a person or in a piece of technology, then the level of risk being taken can be more clearly understood. Without a sound basis of trust, this risk becomes increasingly uncertain.


In this article, Tom Burton, a cyber security expert and technology thought leader, addresses the historical roots of this dilemma, and also answers the following:


  • Why is digital risk such a challenging concept?
  • How will AI make this problem more complicated?
  • What principles could be put in place to manage trust in an era of AI?


Where does this bias originate?


Why is it that a human is more likely to implicitly trust what a computer tells them than what another human tells them?


Before you hit back with disagreement, consider this scenario: How would you react if a gentleman dressed in the regalia of an African prince turned up at your door offering untold riches without any conditions? 


Many over the years have been taken in by exactly that offer received by email. Phishing, fake news on social media, and numerous other socially engineered deceptions rely on this digital bias, which has been the subject of plenty of research.


When Tom Burton was responsible for information systems, information management, and information exploitation in his Army Headquarters, he found it striking how many people assumed the accuracy of a unit’s location on a screen was 100% reliable. They would take a similar ‘sticky’ marker on a physical map with caution; recognising that there was implicit uncertainty in the accuracy of the ‘reported’ location, and that the unit in question may have moved significantly since they made that report. Yet, they would be happy to zoom in to the greatest detail on a screen and ask why A Squadron or B Company was on the east side of the track rather than the west.


This implicit trust has striking implications for many aspects of our digital lives, and will be brought into even sharper focus with the widespread adoption of AI applications.

Is tech more like a hammer or a human?


Tom has a theory. Humans are inherently fallible, deceitful and unpredictable. We make mistakes, sometimes intentionally; sometimes due to tiredness, emotions or bias. And we have spent at least 300,000 years reaffirming this model of each other.


Machines are considered to be predictable and deterministic. No matter how many times two large numbers are entered into a calculator, it’s expected that they will be added up correctly and consistently.


When considering the output of a computer, at least subconsciously, it is considered to be more like a hammer than a human: a predictable tool, that will produce the result it was programmed for.


But even in the case of conventional, non-AI technology, this perspective is a fallacy. Computers are designed and programmed by fallible humans. Mistakes are made, and those mistakes are transferred to the code, and in turn, the results that this code produces. The more complex the code, the less certainty there will be of accurate and consistent results. 


A ‘truthful’ response may also be dependent on having a similar perspective to the person who designed a system. If ambiguous problems are interpreted differently by the designer, then the probability that the results will be misinterpreted increases significantly.


People consider their digital tools as predictable as a hammer, but too frequently they operate more like the humans who created them.


This situation is only likely to get more extreme with AI. Technology is actively being designed to operate more like humans. To learn and apply insight from that learning in new situations. The question asked of a system today might well produce a different answer if asked again in the future, because the information and ‘experiences’ that answer is based on will change. In exactly the same way that if one asks a human the same question ten years apart, we are not surprised by a different answer, particularly if seeking an opinion.


How does this affect the risks of employing increasingly advanced technologies?


If technological tools are increasingly becoming more similar to humans than hammers, then how does this affect risk? The diversity and unpredictability of humans is something with which society is familiar and has been managing for some time; so let's look at the similarities, because, after all, the aim is to replace people with technologies that operate in a similar way.


It's known that people misunderstand tasks because language is ambiguous, and interpretation is based on an individual’s perspective. Everyone has different value systems, influencing where focus is placed and where corners might be cut. At an extreme, these different values may lead to behaviour that is negligent or even malicious. People can be subverted or coerced to do things. All of these behaviours have parallels with complex technology, and AI in particular.


Ambiguity will always create uncertainty and risk. AI models are based on value systems that are intended to steer them towards the most desired outcome; but those value systems may be imperfect, especially when defined in the past for unforeseen situations in the future. And it's known that technology can be compromised to produce undesirable outcomes.


But it is important to note that there are some fundamental differences as well. Groups and organisations tend to have inherent dampers that reduce extremes (though geopolitics might provide evidence against this). Recruiting one person to do a task might result in a ‘good egg’ or a bad one. But recruiting a team of ten increases the chance that different perspectives will challenge extreme behaviours. Greater diversity increases this effect. This does not eliminate risk, and a very strong character might be able to influence the entire team, but it introduces some resistance. However, if the ‘team’ comprises instances of the same AI model, feeding from the same knowledge base, using the same value systems and learning directly from each other, it might operate more like an echo chamber; as seen with runaway trading algorithms that are tipped out of control by the positive feedback of their value systems.


Are digital risk and business risk the same?


Assuming the trajectory of technology continues into the age of AI, intelligent tools will be used wherever possible to do tasks currently done by humans. Over time, every aspect of business will be decided or influenced by digital systems, using digital tools, operating on digital objects, to produce outcomes that will be digital in nature before they transition into the physical world.


Consequently, there will not be many risks that do not have a very significant digital element. It could therefore be argued that managing cyber-, information- or digital-risk (whichever term you prefer) will be inseparable from the majority of business risks. Going into the future, the current construct of a CISO function managing information risk separate from many of the other corporate risk areas might seem quaint. Instead, it's uncertain whether any area of business risk management will be able to claim they ‘don’t do technology’ and it will be more important than ever for technology risk to be managed with an intimate and universal understanding of the business.


Applying human risk management to artificial intelligence


Improving our understanding of risk by considering technology components as people, at least at a conceptual level, is possible. Society is already there in many respects and, as AI solutions emerge over the years and decades to come, this convergence is only going to accelerate. An AI model’s decisions are based on an unpredictable array of inputs that will change over time. They are based on a set of values that need to be maintained in line with business and ethical values. But most importantly, they will learn. Learn from their own experiences, and learn from each other. This sounds far more like a human actor than a hammer.


Tom Burton suggests that we can take lessons from managing human risk and apply them to digital risk. He suggests the following measures that can be immediately adopted by businesses:


  • Initiation: When embarking on an initiative, time needs to be taken to consider the inherent risks faced. Not just the discrete risks within the initiative but also the more systemic risks that need to be avoided.


  • Recruitment: Deciding what is meant by trust when selecting the types of technologies to be employed, and where technology will be applied versus where a human in the loop is desired, is necessary. The frame of reference used to define and measure trust, what external evidence can be taken, and how much needs to be reinforced with one's own due diligence needs consideration. For instance, government regulation and certification of AI models may provide a baseline of trust, but in the more sensitive and high risk areas of business, 'interviews' and tests will likely need to be applied.


  • Design: The more risk that can be designed out, the easier (and cheaper) it will be to manage the residual risk in operations. The concept of Secure by Design is important now but will become essential as the progression continues. Ensuring the equivalent of segregation of duties until more is understood about how these systems will operate, learn, and develop over time is crucial. Applying segmentation is too often ignored today, with broad flat networks, but it will be vital to contain risk in the future.


  • Operations: In operations, just like with people, preparation for the worst scenario is necessary. This is not just about monitoring an environment. It is also about maintaining an understanding of risk and war gaming new scenarios that come to mind. The military planning process always includes the question: "Has the situation changed." Industrialising this in the way systems are managed, maintained, and evolved is needed. The most obvious 'big issue' that comes to mind is the point when operationalised quantum computing comes to the fore; but there will be others as well and adaptation to overcome them will be required.


Summary: Optimism is Good, but Hope is not a Strategy


There is a lot to be optimistic about in the future. There will be change, and the need to adapt, but the pace of change and the breadth of its impact demands that we take an objective approach to understanding and managing risk—hope is not a strategy.


If we do not understand something, then our trust in it must decrease as a consequence. This does not mean that we should not employ it; after all, the trust we have in our people and our partners isn't binary. But we put controls and frameworks in place to limit the damage that people can do proportionate to this trust.


We need to treat technologies that demonstrate human traits in a similar way.

About Tom Burton


With over 20 years of experience in business, IT, and security leadership roles, including several C-suite positions, Tom has an acute ability to distil and simplify complex security problems, from high-altitude discussions about business risk with the board, to detailed discussions about architecture, technology good practice, and security remediation with delivery teams. With a tenacious drive to enhance cyber security and efficiency, Tom has spent a significant amount of time in the Defence, Aerospace, Manufacturing, Pharmaceuticals, High Tech, and Government industries, and has developed an approach based on applying engineering principles to deliver sustainable business change. 


If you would like to speak to Tom or anyone from the Cyber Security team, please use the form below.

About Cambridge Management Consulting


Cambridge Management Consulting (Cambridge MC) is an international consulting firm that helps companies of all sizes have a better impact on the world. Founded in Cambridge, UK, initially to help the start-up community, Cambridge MC has grown to over 160 consultants working on projects in 20 countries.


Our capabilities focus on supporting the private and public sector with their people, process and digital technology challenges.


For more information visit www.cambridgemc.com or get in touch below.


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by Faye Holland 11 July 2025
Today, we are proud to be spotlighting Faye Holland, who became Managing Partner at Cambridge Management Consulting for Client PR & Marketing as well as for our presence in the city of Cambridge and the East of England at the start of this year, following our acquisition of her award-winning PR firm, cofinitive. Faye is a prominent entrepreneur and a dynamic force within the city of Cambridge’s renowned technology sector. Known for her ability to influence, inspire, and connect on multiple fronts, Faye plays a vital role in bolstering Cambridge’s global reputation as the UK’s hub for technology, innovation, and science. With over three decades of experience spanning diverse business ventures, including the UK’s first ISP, working in emerging business practices within IBM, leading European and Asia-Pacific operations for a global tech media company, and founding her own business, Faye brings unparalleled expertise to every endeavour. Faye’s value in the industry is further underscored by her extensive network of influential contacts. As the founder of cofinitive, an award-winning PR and communications agency focused on supporting cutting-edge start-ups and scale-ups in tech and innovation, Faye has earned a reputation as one of the UK’s foremost marketing strategists. Over the course of a decade, she built cofinitive into a recognised leader in the communications industry. The firm has since been featured in PR Weekly’s 150 Top Agencies outside London, and has been named year-on-year as the No. 1 PR & Communications agency in East Anglia. cofinitive is also acknowledged as one of the 130 most influential businesses in Cambridge, celebrated for its distinctive, edge, yet polished approach to storytelling for groundbreaking companies, and for its support of the broader ecosystem. Additionally, Faye is widely recognised across the East of England for her leadership in initiatives such as the #21toWatch Technology Innovation Awards, which celebrates innovation and entrepreneurship, and as the co-host of the Cambridge Tech Podcast. Individually, Faye has earned numerous accolades. She is listed among the 25 most influential people in Cambridge, and serves as Chair of the Cambridgeshire Chambers of Commerce. Her advocacy for women in technology has seen her regularly featured in Computer Weekly’s Women in Tech lists, and recognised as one of the most influential women in UK tech during London Tech Week 2024 via the #InspiringFifty listing. Faye is also a dedicated mentor for aspiring technology entrepreneurs, having contributed to leading entrepreneurial programs in Cambridge and internationally, further solidifying her role as a driving force for innovation and growth in the tech ecosystem. If you would like to discuss future opportunities with Faye, you can reach out to her here .
Cambridge MC Falklands team standing with Polly Marsh, CEO of the Ulysses Trust, holding a cheque
by Lucas Lefley 10 July 2025
From left to right: Tim Passingham, Tom Burton, Erling Aronsveen, Polly Marsh, and Clive Quantrill.
Long curving glass walkway looking out on a city. Image has a deep red tint and high contrast
30 June 2025
Cambridge Management Consulting is delighted to announce that we have been recognised as a Platinum-level telecommunications consultancy in Consultancy.uk’s 2025 ‘Top Consulting Firms in the UK’ ranking. This achievement places us among an upper tier of telecommunications consultancies across the UK, reflecting our continued commitment to delivering exceptional expertise and results for our clients in this rapidly evolving sector. A Rigorous Assessment The Consultancy.uk ranking represents one of the most comprehensive evaluations of the UK’s consulting landscape, assessing over 1,400 firms across the country. This methodology combines extensive client feedback from more than 800 clients and peer reviews from over 3,000 consultants, alongside detailed capabilities assessments that examine the reputation of each firm, project track records, analyst benchmarks, industry recognitions, and thought leadership. 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The telecommunications landscape continues to evolve rapidly, with exponential data growth, IoT deployment, and the infrastructure demands of generative AI driving substantial transformation in both virtual and physical infrastructure. Our team support organisations to stay afloat in this changing market, with a proven track record including managing over $5bn in client revenues, saving organisations over $2bn, and driving procurement transactions exceeding $5bn. Recent case studies demonstrate the breadth of our telecommunications expertise, from conducting technical due diligence for major investment decisions, to designing and procuring modern network solutions for leading academic institutions. Our work with the University of Bristol, helping them to complete their progressive Modern Network transformation, exemplifies our ability to navigate complex technical and commercial requirements, while delivering measurable outcomes. Looking Ahead As we celebrate this Platinum recognition, Cambridge MC remains committed to pushing the boundaries of what’s possible in telecommunications consulting. Ever since Tim Passingham founded Cambridge Management Consulting, to support telecommunications startups in the city of Cambridge, UK, our purpose has been to help clients make a better impact on the world. This mission drives everything we do, from individual product delivery to industry-wide transformation initiatives. This achievement belongs to our entire team of specialist practitioners who bring decades of hands-on experience to every engagement. As we continue to expand our capabilities and global reach, this recognition serves as both validation of our progress and motivation for the challenges ahead. Thank you to everyone who has joined us on this journey.
Wide angle photo of Pemrboke College on a sunny day
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Disclaimer: The text below was originally published on the Pembroke College website. Read the original post here to read the full article, including coverage of the award's other recipients, Duncan Rule and Ian Carry. 2025 Volunteers of the Year Announced Congratulations to Duncan Rule, Ian Carry and Tim Passingham (2022) whose contributions to Pembroke have been recognised in Pembroke’s Volunteer of the Year Awards for 2025. The award was introduced in 2022 to recognise not only the particular individuals who contribute their time and expertise for the benefit of the College and its community but also the value of volunteering itself. Duncan and Tim received their awards from the Master, Lord Smith of Finsbury, last week, with Ian set to receive his at the LEAP celebration event next term. Tim Passingham Since joining Pembroke as a William Pitt Fellow in 2022, Tim Passingham has become a highly valued member of the College community. A consistent supporter of the Corporate Partnership Programme, Tim has played a pivotal role in connecting students with real-world opportunities. Through his companies—Cambridge Management Consulting and partner firm edenseven—Tim has offered numerous internships to students on the LEAP programme, helping them build professional confidence and practical skills. Beyond internships, Tim and his team have supported LEAP students through reflective post-programme interviews, offering valuable feedback for both participants and the LEAP team. His impact is visible in many aspects of College life: from advisory work on the Milstein House sub-committee to generous support for Pembroke’s musicians, including the donation of a drum kit. Tim has also brought significant visibility to Pembroke within the wider Cambridge community. Under his leadership, the College was a key host during Cambridge Tech Week 2024, welcoming visitors for lectures, panels, and a Deep Tech Gala Dinner. Regularly using College spaces for high-profile meetings and team retreats, Tim has become a recognisable and influential figure around Pembroke—embodying the spirit of collaboration and innovation that the Corporate Partnership Programme aims to foster. On receiving this award, Tim said "when I was invested as a William Pitt Fellow in 2022, I stated that my desire was to give to the College and work hard to bring the worlds of Academia and Industry closer together. Since then, me and some of my team at Cambridge Management Consulting have supported numerous LEAP interns, sponsored our first PhD student at Pembroke, supported the CARA charity and initiative, supported the Mill Lane site programme, and given as much time and money as we have been able to support the Development Team and the growth of the College. I feel enormously honoured to receive this award which, for me, represents very much the beginning of a partnership which I hope will deepen and grow over many years to come. I look forward to the years ahead and to serving the College as we seek to continue to build on the incredible legacy of Pembroke by having a disproportionate impact for good on the world around us.”
A series of neon cubes in a line
by Mauro Mortali 23 June 2025
Disruption now occurs with unprecedented regularity, as industries are upended not by traditional competitors but by unexpected entrants wielding innovative technologies and business models.  The difference between thriving and becoming obsolete increasingly hinges on your organisation's ability to anticipate and adapt to disruption before it's too late. The Ur-case of this was Blockbuster, who ignored the threat of streaming technologies, and specifically Netflix (which it could have bought), until it was far too late to pivot and catch up. Our article explores how businesses can develop strategies that offer predictions and agility, embedding creativity and insight into frameworks and actionable steps that plot a course through the disruptive landscapes of the next few years and beyond. Understanding the Nature of Disruption Disruption is no longer just a buzzword — or the philosophy of ‘break things and move fast’ that drove the early tech start-ups that now dominate our waking lives. The theory of disruptive innovation, popularised by Harvard Business School professor Clayton Christensen, explains how new technologies, products, or services can start small but eventually surpass established offerings in existing markets[1]. This process typically begins when smaller companies with fewer resources challenge established or traditional businesses by addressing underserved market needs[5] in new ways; usually with business models that bypass normal routes to market and allow these companies to scale at pace. Recent examples include: fintech banks that challenge the need for brick-and-mortar; online over-the-top media applications that replace the need for print media and traditional broadcast television; digital media and the success of subscription models, replacing physical media for music, films and other forms of entertainment; and platform apps like Uber, which connect us to a fleet of independent drivers who are paid per ‘gig’ and regulated by a ratings system. Today's notion of disruption is characterised by several key features: Accelerated Pace of Change The pace of disruption has accelerated beyond anything previously seen, with transformative technologies reaching mainstream adoption faster than ever[15]. While it took decades for technologies like electricity and telephones to achieve mass adoption, modern innovations like smartphones and AI have transformed entire industries in just a few years. Cross-Industry Disruption Disruptive threats increasingly come from outside traditional industry boundaries. Companies must now monitor not only direct competitors but also adjacent industries and completely unrelated sectors where transferable innovations might emerge[15]. For example, tech giants have disrupted financial services, retail, healthcare, and automotive industries without prior experience in these sectors. Technology-Enabled Business Models Today's most powerful disruptions combine technological innovation with business model innovation. Examples include: Platform models: Uber revolutionised transportation by connecting riders and drivers through a user-friendly mobile app, utilising independent drivers who pay for their own vehicles for rapid scalability[1]. Subscription services: Netflix and Spotify transformed entertainment consumption by shifting from physical media to on-demand streaming with personalised algorithmic content recommendations[1]. Direct-to-consumer approaches: Tesla's direct sales model bypassed traditional dealership networks while integrating advanced electric vehicle technology and autonomous capabilities[1]. From Traditional to Adaptive Strategy Traditional strategic planning approaches — characterised by multi-year roadmaps and rigid implementation plans — have become increasingly inadequate in today's fast-moving business environment. We look at some of the challenges businesses now face below. The Limitations of Traditional Strategy Conventional strategies often fail because they: Assume relative stability in market conditions Take too long to develop and implement Lack flexibility to respond to unexpected changes Rely heavily on historical data to predict future outcomes The Adaptive Strategy Advantage Adaptive strategy, often described as the "Be Fast" approach, emphasises agility, experimentation, and continuous evolution[3]. This approach thrives in fluid industries with high uncertainty and a fast pace of change, such as technology, fashion, entertainment, and start-ups[3]. Organisations that embrace adaptive strategies gain significant advantages: Higher profitability: Companies ranking high in adaptability enjoy up to 75% higher profitability than their less adaptive counterparts[10]. Faster market response: Adaptive firms achieve approximately 60% faster time-to-market compared to traditional competitors[10]. Innovation capacity: The ability to experiment boldly and rapidly iterate creates an environment where breakthrough innovations are more likely to emerge[10]. Real-World Adaptive Strategy Success Consider Netflix's journey from DVD rental service to streaming giant to content producer. Rather than creating a 10-year plan, Netflix constantly evolved based on emerging technologies, customer preferences, and market opportunities. This adaptive approach allowed them to pivot whenever necessary while maintaining their core value proposition of convenient entertainment access[1]. A New Framework for Ensuring Strategy Relevance To maintain strategic relevance amid disruptive trends, companies need a systematic framework that balances stability with flexibility. Anticipate Disruption Through Trend Analysis Successful businesses identify potential disruptions before they manifest fully by monitoring Hard Trends — future certainties based on measurable facts[15]. These include demographic shifts, technological advancements, and regulatory changes that provide predictable directional guidance. For example, financial services firms that recognised the Hard Trend of increasing digital connectivity were better positioned to respond to the rise of mobile banking and fintech disruption. Build your Agility Organisational structures and processes must be designed to support rapid adaptation: Decentralised decision-making: Empower teams closest to customers and market changes to make decisions without lengthy approval chains[3]. Cross-functional collaboration: Break down silos between departments to enable faster information sharing and coordinated responses to change[3]. Agile methodologies: Adapt software development approaches like sprints, continuous integration, and iterative testing to broader business strategy[3]. Foster a Culture of Innovation Innovation cannot be an isolated function — it must permeate your entire organisation: Encourage experimentation: Create safe spaces for testing new ideas with minimal bureaucracy and fear of failure[3]. Customer-centric innovation: Ground innovation efforts in a deep understanding of customer needs rather than internal assumptions[14]. Structured innovation processes: Establish clear pathways for moving ideas from conception to implementation while maintaining flexibility[14]. KPIs that support innovation: For example, looking at the value of a portfolio of innovations rather than a specific innovation project. Leverage Data & Technology Data-driven insights provide a vital competitive advantage in your disruption response: Real-time market intelligence: Deploy advanced analytics to detect weak signals of change before they emerge fully-formed[3]. Predictive modelling: Use Agentic AI to identify patterns and forecast potential disruptions[2]. Digital transformation lifecycle: Invest in the necessary expertise and infrastructure to undertake on-going programmes of transformation — a big step, and potentially expensive, but it can help immunise your business against disruptive technologies and new models. Practical Implementation Steps Translating disruption awareness into effective action requires specific tactical approaches.
Neon 'Open' sign in business window
by Tom Burton 19 June 2025
SMEs make up 99% of UK businesses, three fifths of employment, over 50% of all business revenue, are in everyone's supply chain, and are exposed to largely the same threats as large enterprises. How should they get started with cyber security? Small and Medium sized Enterprises (SME) are not immune to the threat of cyber attacks. At the very least, if your business has money then it will be attractive to criminals. And even if you don’t have anything of value, you may still get caught up in a ransomware campaign with all of your data and systems made inaccessible. Unfortunately many SMEs do not have an IT team let alone a cyber security team. It may not be obvious where to start, but inaction can have significant impact on your business by both increasing risk and reducing the confidence to address new opportunities. In this article we outline 5 key questions that can help SMEs to understand what they need to do. Even if you outsource your IT to a supplier these questions are still relevant. Some can’t be delegated, and others are topics for discussion so that you can ensure your service provider is doing the right things, as well as understanding where their responsibilities stop and yours start. Q1: What's Important & Worth Defending Not everything needs protecting equally. In your personal life you will have some possessions that are dear to you and others that you are more laissez-faire about. The same applies to your digital assets, and the start point for any security plan needs to be an audit of the things you own and their importance to your business. Those ‘things’, or assets, may be particular types of data or information. For instance, you may have sensitive intellectual property or trade secrets; you may hold information about your customers that is governed by privacy regulations; or your financial data may be of particular concern. Some of this information needs to be protected from theft, while it may be more important to prevent other types of data from being modified or deleted. It is helpful to build a list of these assets, and their characteristics like the table below:
A heath-covered bay on the Falkland Islands
by BFBS 14 June 2025
To acknowledge and celebrate the end of the Falklands war on 14 June 1982, we are publishing this story about the unlikely friendship of two amateur radio enthusiasts 8,000 miles apart that allowed more than 50 soldiers the opportunity to get messages home to their loved ones. Disclaimer: This story was originally brought to light by bfbs Forces News on 7 December 2022. Certain linguistic changes have been made in the subsequent article from Cambridge Management Consulting, but all of the information comes from the original article, written by Hannah King Ros Moore, which you can read here , and an accompanying video on their YouTube page, which we encourage you to watch . Between April and June 1982, Argentina and the United Kingdom engaged in a 10-week conflict which would come to be known as the Falklands War. Battling over the sovereignty of the Falkland Islands and its territorial dependency, South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, the conflict began with the invasion of the former by Argentina on 2 April, and ended with their ultimate surrender on 14 June – Falklands Liberation Day. During this time, more than 100 villagers were being held captive in a hall by the Argentinians for almost seven weeks, before being free on 29 May by 2 PARA, following a battle to take Goose Green. Eighteen British soldiers were sadly lost during this fight, but back at home their families had heard nothing since the soldiers set sail. That was until the unlikely friendship of two amateur radio enthusiasts 8,000 miles apart allowed more than 50 soldiers the opportunity to get messages home to their loved ones. Bob McLeod, a ham radio operator, had already made history by making the announcement to the world that the Falkland Islands had been invaded. However, in doing so, he had also drawn the attention of the Argentinians, who were quick to confiscate his equipment. Alan Bullock was the Forward Observation Officer of D Company, 2 PARA, and, while walking through the main street of Goose Green, spotted an antenna on a house belonging to Bob. Alan knocked on Bob’s door, “Hello… is there any chance you are a radio amateur?” “Yes… But the Argentinians took my transmitter and smashed it up.” Bob’s wife then suggested that they use his 50W amplifier that was safely hidden under the stairs. As Forward Observation Officer, Alan had his state-of-the-art at the time, military clansman radio, which, although only 20 watts for communicating over short distances, could be combined. In order to get messages back to the UK, Bob made contact with John Wright, a radio amateur in Oxford with whom he had been chatting to over the airwaves for many years. Together, Bob and John devised a cryptic code for their conversation and each transmitted on different frequencies, in case anyone was listening. John would be given a soldier’s phone number and short messages to pass on to his family. John said of the plan: “Normally amateur radio enthusiasts talk about their radio equipment, experiments they’re doing. “In this case, the communication was to pass family traffic which, under normal circumstances, isn’t allowed, but I threw caution to the wind and did what I could as quickly and clandestinely as possible.” Word quickly got around the troops and soon it wasn’t just D Company’s families Bob and John were contacting. Before long, there was a queue outside Bob’s door, with each message always the same: "I am safe." About BFBS BFBS is a pioneering military charity with a mission to entertain, inform, connect and champion the UK armed forces, their families and veterans. Our armed forces do a tough yet invaluable job, often working in extreme conditions – so BFBS believes they deserve our unfailing support. Find out more at: https://about.bfbs.com/ The Positive Impact of Telecommunications This story, and the combined initiative, intuition, and innovation between Allan Bullock, Bob McLeod and his wife, and John Wright, is testament to the transformative power of technology for forging connection and bringing optimism at times of difficulty, danger, and otherwise disconnect. This story is particularly inspiring for Cambridge Management Consulting as an organisation currently working hard to enhance the telecommunications and technology infrastructure of the Falkland Islands. For more information about how we are achieving this, you can read about our consultancy work on the Islands here , and the opening of Falklands IT here .
Orange and white spotlights on a purple stage
by Jon Wilton 6 June 2025
Welcoming Simon Crimp Cambridge Management Consulting is delighted to welcome Simon Crimp as Managing Partner and Lead for our Digital Transformation practice. With more than 25 years of international technology leadership, Simon joins us at a pivotal moment as our clients seeking to drive meaningful change across their portfolios. His extensive experience spans hands-on technology operation and engineering, setting global technology strategy, and C-suite advisory, positioning him as a powerful asset for businesses navigating the next wave of digital innovation. Simon began his career in the demanding world of capital-markets technology, supporting trading floors at JP Morgan and managing service delivery across major exchanges. This early immersion laid the groundwork for a deep technical understanding and an ability to deliver resilient, high-availability systems in some of the world’s most high-pressure environments. His next chapter at Euronext LIFFE (now part of ICE Futures Europe) saw him rise through the ranks from service management to become Global Head of Systems Engineering. There, he was instrumental in delivering two state-of-the-art data centres and modern trading infrastructure, ensuring the reliability and resilience required by global financial markets. The next decade of Simon’s career took him to IG Group, where he led the transformation of infrastructure and operations on a global scale. As Head of Infrastructure & Operations and later Regional CTO and Global Head of Shared Technology Services, Simon architected IG’s pioneering hybrid cloud strategy, orchestrating seamless integration across AWS, Google Cloud, and multiple colocation facilities. He didn’t just modernise technology, he reshaped how teams operated, leading over 400 technologists across regions, managing a significant budget, and redesigning operating models to accelerate delivery while enhancing security and compliance. Notably, Simon developed IGs Security Operations and Cyber Defence function, further strengthening the company’s posture in a fast-evolving threat landscape. His versatility was clear during his tenure as Interim CEO and Head of the Japan Office, where he secured C-level buy-in for localisation and expansion into new markets. Before leaving IG in 2024 Simon developed the Data Strategy for the company and led build out of the Data and AI capability into GCP. Beyond his technical and commercial expertise, Simon has invested in leadership development, qualifying as an Executive Coach at Henley Business School. This enables him to drive not only digital transformation, but the cultural shifts essential for lasting impact. This helps organisations embed agile, product-focused ways of working alongside technology renewal. Reflecting on his decision to join Cambridge Management Consulting, Simon shares: “I’m really excited to get the opportunity to take 25 years of technology and organisational transformation across Finiancial Services and Fintech into new industries and markets. Cambridge MC has had great success since opening its doors, and I’m thrilled to be part of the leadership team that will drive the next phase of growth.” In this new role he will lead end-to-end digital transformation programmes — from initial vision and business case to execution and ongoing improvement. He will focus on orchestrating cloud-first, data and AI strategies, embedding modern operating models, guiding post-merger technology integration, and advising boards on security, compliance, and the adoption of emerging technologies. Whether your organisation is looking to modernise legacy estates, scale digital operations globally, or embed new ways of working, Simon Crimp and the Cambridge Management Consulting team are ready to help drive value at any stage of the programme. To connect with Simon and explore how he can support your digital transformation journey, reach out to us at info@cambridgemc.com or scrimp@cambridgemc.com
Murky gloom under the sea with light rays piercing from above
by Andy Everest 28 May 2025
Introduction In today's interconnected world, submarine cable networks form the backbone of global communication, enabling the seamless exchange of data across continents. While these undersea cables are the epitome of engineering marvels, their effectiveness hinges not only on the ‘wet' network in the seabed, but also on the often-overlooked terrestrial network backhaul. The terrestrial backhaul — the infrastructure that connects submarine cable landing stations to inland data centres and networks — is as crucial as the submarine network itself. Proper management and handling of terrestrial backhaul partners is essential to ensure the optimal performance, cost-efficiency, and security of all submarine networks. The Vital Importance of Backhaul Management Submarine networks are only as strong as their weakest link, and the terrestrial backhaul is a pivotal link in this ecosystem. Without a well-designed and managed backhaul, even the most sophisticated submarine network can face inefficiencies, bottlenecks, and vulnerabilities.  Key reasons why managing terrestrial network backhaul partners is so critical include: Cost Optimisation Terrestrial backhaul costs constitute a significant portion of the total network expenditure. Poorly negotiated contracts or suboptimal supplier relationships can inflate operational costs, diminishing the overall profitability of submarine networks. Network Performance The design, quality, and reliability of terrestrial backhaul networks directly affect latency, throughput, and overall user experience. A poorly managed partner ecosystem can lead to performance degradation, affecting service delivery. Security and Risk Mitigation The terrestrial segment is often more vulnerable to physical and cyber threats compared to submarine cables. Effective partner management ensures that security measures are prioritised, and risks are mitigated. Scalability and Flexibility As data demands grow, submarine networks must scale effectively. Well-managed terrestrial backhaul partners enable seamless scaling and adaptability to meet changing requirements.
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